Hydrogen Peroxide is a pale blue liquid that has many uses including a bleaching agent, disinfectant and antiseptic. It has been safely used in the hairdressing industry to lighten hair for decades in products such as permanent oxidative colorants, hair lighteners, lightening (bleach) products, permanent waves or straighteners (as neutralizers) and colorant remover.

Since hydrogen peroxide has the ability to cause skin and eye irritations it must be handled carefully. It also readily reacts with the air and other materials which can result in explosions, so it is important to keep it in an airtight container and out of the light. At all times keep away from naked flames, from any sources.

The use of hydrogen peroxide in cosmetic products is covered by strict safety laws. Home-use products that contain hydrogen peroxide, such as hair colorants, typically contain low concentrations of around three per cent and professional products tend to contain higher levels – up to a maximum of 12 per cent.

Handling and storage
Always use non-metallic utensils to avoid rapid decomposition of the product. Do not allow contact with easily combustible materials such as paper. Store in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and other sources of heat. Always store hydrogen peroxide in the container supplied. It is important that no contamination enters the containers as this could lead to decomposition resulting in the liberation of heat and oxygen. Therefore, replace cap immediately after use. Store securely and guard against unauthorised use.

Stability and reactivity
Hydrogen peroxide may react with other chemicals to form dangerous, even explosive, materials. Therefore, avoid mixtures other than recognised formulations. Combustion may occur if hydrogen peroxide is allowed to dry out on materials such as paper, hair, wood and so on.

First aid measures:
If hydrogen peroxide gets into the eyes or on the skin, rinse immediately with plenty of water. If the symptoms persist, or the chemical is ingested into the body, seek medical attention immediately.

Exposure controls/personal protection
Always wear suitable protective gloves. Avoid contact with eyes and face. Do not use on damaged or sensitive skin.

Accidental release measures
Always use water to dilute and mop up spillages.

Disposal of residues
Wash down the drain with plenty of water. Do not burn.

The above information is taken from A Guide to the Health and Safety of Salon Hair Products (COSHH), a booklet written by the CTPA in conjunction with the Hairdressing & Beauty Suppliers' Association (HBSA) and in consultation with the Health & Safety Executive (HSE). The Guide, produced for hair salons, provides advice to help hair professionals use, store and handle their haircare products properly and safely. It is available from Habia at www.habia.org/shop/coshhbooklet